Tom Kha Gai ต้มข่าไก่ (Thai coconut chicken soup)
Tom yum goong maybe the most famous soup of Thailand, but its milder creamier sister, tom kha gai , is my personal favourite. This comforting Thai coconut chicken soup recipe is infused with the classic Thai herbs: lemongrass, galangal, and makrut (kaffir) lime leaves. It's so easy yet so loveable that when someone asks, "I'm new to Thai food, what should I try/make first?" Tom kha gai is my answer.
What is Tom Kha Gai?
Tom kha gai , which is sometimes spelled tom ka gai , is one of the most popular soups amongst Thai food lovers. Tom means to boil, kha means galangal, and gai means chicken. So it's a chicken soup whose main flavour comes from galangal, but another key component not mentioned in the soup is coconut milk.
Tom kha gai soup is available at nearly every Thai restaurant overseas, but because it's such an easy recipe, it's a dish that's perfect for simple weeknight home cooking. Though chicken is the original version, you can make tom kha using other proteins. Typically in Thailand, alternative proteins are fish or seafood, as they pair best with the flavour profile of tom kha soup.
Tom kha gai is a great dish to make for a party because it is gluten-free , not too spicy, has easy-to-love flavours, and it can be made vegan with modifications I provide later on in this article.
Ingredients
Here are all the ingredients for my tom kha gai recipe. There aren't that many, but each one is critical to the flavour of the soup. Kha refers to the galangal, so that's the one ingredient that's an absolute must and cannot be substituted.
If you want to learn more about some of the Thai ingredients listed below, simply click the link to watch my "101" videos on them!
- Boneless skinless chicken thighs (chicken breast is okay to use, but the methods need to be modified as per the notes in the recipe card)
- Chicken broth or stock, unsalted, preferably homemade
- Coconut milk
- Lemongrass
- Galangal.
- Makrut lime leaves (aka kaffir lime leaves)
- Thai chilies
- Oyster mushrooms or another Asian mushroom
- Fish sauce
- Palm sugar (or light brown sugar)
- Cilantro or green onions for garnish
- Fresh lime juice
How to Make Tom Kha Soup
Here's a bird's eye view of how to make tom kha gai, but to ensure success, be sure to watch the video tutorial in the recipe card below as it's always good to see how it's done, and I often include extra tips you don't want to miss!
- Bring chicken stock and salt to a boil, add the chicken.
- Simmer the chicken for 15 minutes or until fork tender.
- Add coconut milk.
- Add the herbs and simmer for another 5 minutes.
- Add the fish sauce and sugar and bring back to a boil.
- Add the oyster mushrooms.
- Cook the mushrooms for a minute or so.
- Turn off the heat, add the lime juice, then it's ready to serve with a cilantro and/or green onion garnish!
Vegan Adaptability
Even though chicken is at the heart of this soup ("gai" in tom kha gai means chicken), there is a way to make a vegan version that's equally satisfying. Here are some simple modifications:
- Use vegetable broth instead of chicken. I recommend checking out the veggie stock I made for my mushroom tom yum recipe. I don't recommend Western-style store bought vegetable broth as those tend to have a flavour that doesn't work here.
- Instead of chicken, I love using just a fun mix of Asian mushrooms. Oyster, shimeji, fresh shiitake, or maitake are all great candidates. Of course you can substitute tofu instead if you like it.
- Add some tomatoes. Since there's only mushrooms, to add some variety and extra umami, I love to add tomatoes. Using halved cherry tomatoes are better as they are less likely to turn to mush in the soup. The combination of tomato and coconut is divine.
- Use soy sauce instead of fish sauce.
Frequently Asked Question
For this dish, nothing. kha
means galangal, so you really can't make this soup without it. However, if fresh isn't available, look for frozen galangal which works perfectly, and if needed you can use dried galangal as well.
No, ginger is n
ot a good substitute for galangal. But if you decide to use ginger instead anyway, know that the flavour of the soup is going to be quite different from the galangal version.
Tom kha is a great soup to make in advance and it keeps well and reheats well. It should keep in the fridge for a week. Ideally you should add the lime juice when ready to serve for the best flavour, but I know it can be easy to forget, so put a note on the container to remind yourself to add the lime! Also save the green onions and/or cilantro for serving time.
Authentic Tom Kha Gai (Thai coconut chicken soup)
Ingredients
- 2 cups chicken stock unsalted, preferably homemade
- 1 ½ cups coconut milk
- 1 tsp kosher salt
- 1 lb chicken thigh, boneless skinless bite-sized pieces
- 1 stalk lemongrass bottom half only, smashed and cut into 2-inch pieces
- 12 thin slices galangal see note
- 5 makrut lime leaves roughly torn into big chunks, center stems removed
- 3-4 Thai chilies bruised or cut into large pieces
- 2 Tbsp fish sauce
- 1 tsp finely chopped palm sugar, or granulated sugar
- 5.5 oz oyster mushrooms
- 2 ½ Tbsp lime juice
- chopped green onion and/or cilantro, for garnish
- Jasmine rice, for serving
Instructions
- Bring chicken stock to a boil, then add salt and chicken. Let simmer gently for 15-20 minutes or until chicken is fork tender.2 cups chicken stock, 1 tsp kosher salt, 1 lb chicken thigh, boneless skinless
- Add coconut milk, lemongrass, galangal, makrut lime leaves, chilies, about half of the fish sauce, and sugar. Simmer for 5 minutes to infuse.1 ½ cups coconut milk, 1 stalk lemongrass, 12 thin slices galangal, 5 makrut lime leaves, 3-4 Thai chilies, 2 Tbsp fish sauce, 1 tsp finely chopped palm sugar, or granulated sugar
- Add the mushrooms, bring back to a simmer, and cook for 1-2 minutes or until cooked through.5.5 oz oyster mushrooms
- Taste and add more fish sauce as needed. Turn off the heat and add 2 Tbsp of the lime juice, then taste and add more as needed. Top with green onions and/or cilantro.2 ½ Tbsp lime juice, chopped green onion and/or cilantro, for garnish
- Serve with jasmine rice as part of a larger Thai meal, or you can put rice in the soup and enjoy on its own. (Note: the herbs are for infusion only and are not meant to be eaten. Either remove them before serving or inform your guests.)Jasmine rice, for serving
Video
Notes
Nutrition
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